Causes of Jaw Plate Wear in Jaw Crusher

The crushing chamber of a jaw crusher consists of a movable jaw plate and a fixed jaw plate. As we all know, the material is crushed in the crushing chamber, and the jaw plates come into direct contact with the material, making them susceptible to damage.
Jaw Crusher Jaw Plate Material Analysis
 
Impurities in the jaw crusher jaw plate can cause stress concentration. Cracks easily form at the edges of these impurities, reducing the material's contact fatigue life. Factors such as structural conditions and internal defects also significantly influence jaw plate wear. Sudden changes in microstructure, fine and uniform grains, and evenly distributed spherical carbides all contribute to improved rolling contact fatigue life. Under the same conditions for insoluble carbides, the mass fraction of carbon in the martensite of a jaw crusher jaw plate is approximately 0.4%-0.5%. At this point, the material's strength and toughness reach an ideal balance, resulting in a longer contact fatigue life. For undissolved carbides, proper heat treatment can be used to reduce and evenly distribute them, avoiding the formation of large or banded carbides and eliminating fatigue cracks.
 
Experiments have shown that appropriately reducing the surface roughness of the jaw crusher's jaw plate is an effective way to increase fatigue wear life. The surface roughness of a jaw crusher's jaw plate is related to the contact stress on the jaw plate surface. Generally speaking, when the contact stress or hardness of the jaw plate surface is higher, the jaw plate surface roughness is lower.
 
Analysis of the Crushing Force of a Jaw Crusher's Jaw Plate
 
The tips of the teeth of the movable and fixed jaw plates of a jaw crusher should face the tooth grooves. During jaw crusher operation, the raw material, mostly irregular in shape, is crushed by the compression force exerted by point contact. Furthermore, the weight of the raw material causes continuous friction between the movable and fixed jaw plates, generating friction and shear stress. The movable jaw plate drives the movable shaft of the jaw crusher forward, crushing the raw material in this process.
 
Due to frictional resistance, the acceleration of the raw material as it slides down the jaw crusher's jaw plate is less than the acceleration due to gravity. When the material enters the crushing chamber, the jaw plate is subjected to impact and shear forces, which can also damage it. Simultaneously, the movable jaw plate of the jaw crusher moves vertically up and down, causing the material and jaw plate to slide relative to each other. Under these conditions, the jaw plate bears the compressive force of the material and the weight of the material, causing depressions and ridges on the jaw plate surface, as well as scratches from the shear force. As can be seen from the above information, the material is subjected not only to compressive forces but also to shear stress during the crushing process.
 
The jaw plate is the primary wear-resistant component of the jaw crusher and requires regular replacement. Understanding the causes of jaw plate wear is crucial for minimizing wear and extending the service life of the jaw crusher.

​​​​​​​ZHENGZHOU YIHONG INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT CO., LTD. is a trusted international supplier of crushing equipment and wear parts. We provide high-performance jaw crushers and cone crushers, designed with a deep understanding of global crushing technology. Furthermore, we specialize in supplying a comprehensive range of premium OEM-compatible wear parts for major brands including ​Metso, ​Sandvik, and others, ensuring our clients achieve maximum productivity and cost-efficiency.